The full English name of the anti-lock braking system is AnTI-lock Brake System, or ABS for short, which can be installed on any car with a hydraulic brake system. The anti-lock brake system uses a rubber airbag in the valve body. When the driver steps on the brake, the brake fluid pressure will fill the ABS valve body. At this time, the airbag uses the middle air barrier to return the pressure. The wheel will avoid the deadlock point. This article briefly introduces the principle of automobile anti-lock braking system and some advantages and precautions of this system. I believe it will definitely bring great help to readers and friends!
The anti-lock braking system was only used in trains at first, and was gradually used in airplanes. Now the system has become very popular. This kind of system is now seen on cars with a level above 100,000 yuan, and even some buses have already installed this system. When a vehicle equipped with an anti-lock braking system encounters bad weather, such as snow, ice or rain, the driver can safely operate the steering wheel to brake. This system not only effectively prevents accidents, but also reduces friction on tires. But this is the system and it cannot be that the car shortens its prescribed distance, and in some cases even increases the braking distance.
The principle of automobile anti-lock braking system
During braking, ABS can quickly determine the locked state of the wheel according to the speed signal from each wheel speed sensor, close the normally open input solenoid valve on the locked wheel, and keep the braking force unchanged, if the wheel continues If locked, the normally closed output solenoid valve is opened. The brake pressure on this wheel quickly moves down due to the pipeline leading to the brake fluid reservoir, preventing the wheel from being completely locked due to excessive braking force.
At the same time, the main control valve is energized to open, and dynamic pressure brake fluid can enter the brake valve. The dynamic pressure brake fluid reaches the front wheel input from the dynamic booster line through the main control valve and the outer edge of the master cylinder seal. The pipeline works so repeatedly (working frequency 3-12 times / sec), so that the braking state is always at the best point (slip rate S is 20%), the braking effect is the best, and the driving is safest.
The brake fluid in the front cavity of the master cylinder is dynamic pressure brake fluid, which pushes the reaction sleeve to the right, and the reaction sleeve pushes the booster piston to move the brake pedal push rod to the right. Therefore, when the ABS is working, the driver can feel the vibration of the pedal on the foot and hear some noise.
After the car decelerates, once the ABS computer detects that the wheel lock state has disappeared, it will cause the main control valve to close, thus turning the system to work under normal braking. If the pressure of the accumulator drops below the safety limit, the red brake fault indicator and the amber ABS fault indicator light.
In this case, the driver must brake the pedal with deep force to effectively brake the front and rear wheels.
Advantages of automobile anti-lock braking system
1. Effectively shorten the braking distance. In the emergency braking state, ABS can make the wheels roll and drag, the proportion of dragging is about 20%, then the friction between the tire and the ground is the largest, which is the so-called optimal braking point or area. Ordinary braking systems cannot do this.
2. Strengthen the control of the vehicle. For cars equipped with ABS, the driver can still maintain a great degree of maneuverability during the emergency braking process, and can adjust the direction in time to make timely and necessary avoidance of the obstacles or dangers in front. However, vehicles that are not equipped with ABS are prone to accidents such as skidding and tail flicking during emergency braking, causing the driver to lose control of the vehicle and increasing the risk.
3. Reduce the wear of the tires. The use of ABS eliminates the possibility of irreparable damage to the tire that is locked during emergency braking, that is, the possibility of flat spots on the tire surface. If you pay attention, you will find that the vehicles that have left long braking marks on the road are vehicles that are not equipped with ABS. Vehicles equipped with ABS will only leave slight braking marks, and they will be reduced by a small amount, which is obviously reduced. The degree of wear of the tires and the ground.
4. Reduce floating phenomenon. Vehicles without ABS are braked on wet and smooth roads. After the wheels are locked, the vehicle will continue to slide on the road while maintaining inertia. Since ABS reduces the chance of wheel lock, it also reduces the chance of slipping during braking.
Matters needing attention in automobile anti-lock brake system:
(1) Unplug the power before checking the ABS anti-lock braking system.
(2) After replacing the brake or replacing the hydraulic brake system components, the air in the brake pipeline should be exhausted to avoid affecting the normal operation of the brake system.
(3) For vehicles equipped with ABS, the brake fluid should be replaced once a year. Otherwise, the brake fluid is very hygroscopic and will not only reduce the boiling point and cause corrosion when it contains water, but also cause the brake performance to decline.
The above is some knowledge about the principle of automobile anti-lock braking system introduced to you by the editor. I believe that under the explanation of the editor, readers will have an understanding of this knowledge. In an emergency, the brake pedal must be stepped on to the end, so that the ABS system can be activated. At this time, the brake pedal will jitter, and occasionally there will be some stiffness, but be careful not to release it. At this time, the ABS system It started to work.
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