Analysis of the internal structure of the LED filament, a single LED failure, open circuit protector to protect you!

What is the internal structure of the LED filament to death? First, the past and present of the LED filament lamp

With the development of the ban, the LED lamps have finally entered the lighting stage with their advantages of energy saving, environmental protection, no stroboscopic, and high brightness. However, the traditional LED lamps use LED lamp beads as the light source, which can only emit light at 120°, and some technologies can only achieve 180° illumination.

Traditional light sources are 360° illumination. In order to meet people's usage habits, LED technology researchers are committed to designing LEDs as full-circumference light sources. This is what we have today's 360° LED filament lamps. The LED filament lamp replaces the original LED lamp bead as the illumination source by using the LED light bar, and the LED light bar is formed by encapsulating the chip on the long strip substrate, connecting the chips with gold wires to realize conduction, and the surface is further yellow fluorescent. Powder, the perfect 360° luminous strip.

ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

Second, the composition of the LED filament lamp

1. The main components of the filament lamp are: light bar (substrate, chip, conductive, phosphor), drive, lamp holder, lamp post, bulb.

1.1 The substrate on the light bar is divided into: sapphire, ceramic, metal, glass.

The performance comparison of each substrate is as follows:

Price: Sapphire>Ceramic>Metal>Glass

Luminous flux: sapphire>glass>ceramic>metal

Thermal performance: metal>ceramic>sapphire>glass

After all, the performance of all aspects of sapphire has unparalleled superiority, and is now the choice of high-quality LED filament lamps. The high-quality LED filament lamps produced by our new light source use sapphire brackets.

1.2 The wires on the light bar are divided into pure gold wire, alloy wire and iron wire. Generally, the low-end LED filament lamp will use alloy wire and iron wire. The new light source LED filament lamp uses 99.9% pure gold wire.

The ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

1.3 drivers are divided into RC driver and IC driver

The voltage fluctuation range of the RC drive is very narrow, and it is easy to burn out when the voltage is unstable. The new light source can be used with a low voltage range of 110V-130V and a high voltage range of 210-230V. If the voltage is too high, it will burn out. If it is too low, it will become dark and strobe.

The IC driver can accept a voltage fluctuation range of 10%. The new light source can use a low voltage range of 90-130V, a high voltage range of 180-260V, and no stroboscopic.

1.4 The lamp head of the LED filament lamp can replace the ordinary incandescent lamp. The conventional ones are E27 and E14. The new light source can be customized for the standard lamp heads of different countries.

The length of the 1.5 lamp post is different. According to the size of the LED filament bulb, the length of the lamp post is different.

1.6 The blister has different shapes and colors. The LED filament bulb of the new light source can be divided into transparent, opalescent, frosted, gold-plated, silver-plated, etc. according to the shape. According to the shape, it can be divided into C series, A series, G series, R series, ST series and T series.

ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

Third, the parameters of the LED filament lamp

The new light source factory LED filament lamp full voltage 80-260V input, output power is 2W, 4W, 6W, 8W, the measured maximum luminous flux is 160lm / w, the index is large and 80, the illumination angle is 360 °, the power efficiency is more than 90% , PF>0.5, has passed CE, RoHS, ERP, SAA certification, the products are exported to the United States, Germany, the United Kingdom and other high-standard countries.

The sapphire LED filament lamp of our factory has dimmable performance, which is not available to many manufacturers of LED filament lamps on the market. At the same time, it has a life of 30,000 hours and a 5-year warranty, which is unmatched by the general LED filament lamp manufacturers.

Our commitment is based on excellent product quality. We believe in new light sources, we can bring you an energy-saving, safe and environmentally friendly lighting environment.

LED protection circuit design principle:

High-power LEDs are increasingly being used in traffic lights, illuminated billboards, street lights, airport runways, railroad crossings, medical/surgical lighting, and driving signals. They have a long life (high-power white LEDs typically have a lifetime of 35,000 to 50,000 hours) and low power consumption. However, LEDs can also be damaged by lightning, electrostatic discharge (ESD) caused by overvoltage, overheating, or even reverse power connection.

Because the LEDs are usually connected in series in the string, if one of the LEDs in the string breaks open due to a fault, all of the LEDs in the string will go out. LittELfuse offers LED open circuit protectors. The protector can be connected in parallel with each LED in the string, which bypasses the LED with an open fault to keep the rest of the string working. The protector also acts when an overvoltage occurs in the circuit and an overcurrent occurs in the string, or when the electrode is reversed.

ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

When an LED has an open circuit fault, the LED open circuit protector will begin to conduct, limiting its voltage drop to 1.3V and keeping the rest of the series in operation.

In order to do this, designers have tried many devices, such as Zener diodes, metal oxide varistors, and controllable 矽 rectifiers, but not as LED open circuit protectors, because LED open circuit protectors are designed for this application. Designed. As shown in Figure 1, when an LED has an open-circuit fault, the LED open-circuit protector senses that this voltage rises and begins to conduct, limiting its voltage drop to about 1.3V to keep the rest of the string working properly.

The LED open circuit protector has different characteristics and rated voltage options. Some protectors are designed to protect a single LED in a string; others allow designers to protect two, three, four or five LEDs with a single device to save cost. Littelfuse's new generation of LED open circuit protectors provide ESD protection at the same time.

ESD and lightning protection

The ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

A new generation of LED open-circuit protectors, such as the Littlefuse PLED 5 series, can handle ESD events with ±15kV air discharge, ±8kV contact discharge, and ±40A 5/50 ns EFT events (fast bursts).

ESD can enter the LED string when assembled or installed in the field. Lightning can enter the LED string in two ways: nearby lightning strikes can cause transients in the power supply, can be coupled to the LED driver and enter the string; or nearby lightning strikes may be on the LED driver supply rail or may be connected Electrical transients are caused on the lines to the LED string.

Reverse polarity protection

When a string of LEDs with PLED5 is reversed, all protectors will begin to conduct, shunting the current on these protected LEDs to protect them from damage. After the reverse electrode is corrected, the protector will turn off and the LED will work normally.

Home Theater Projector

The biggest difference between Home Theater Projector and ordinary business projectors is the resolution and ease of use. Most of the mainstream Home Theater Projectors have a resolution of 1080P Full HD, and are equipped with an intelligent system, which makes the projector more convenient to use. Home Theater Projector mainly pursues brightness, color, and contrast, which can bring users an immersive and realistic experience.

Features

1. Large screen: The size of traditional LCD TVs is mostly between 40-70 inches, while the Home Theater Projector can easily project 100-150 inches of screen content.
2. Diverse uses: Home Theater Projector will be equipped with intelligent systems, which contain a large number of film sources. In addition, the projector can also be connected to different devices through different interfaces, such as game consoles, computers, U disks, etc. Only one machine can realize online drama, listening to songs, games, office and other functions.
3. Diffuse reflection eye protection: Home Theater Projector uses the principle of diffuse reflection to form images, which is less harmful to the eyes than the LCD screen.
4. Diverse usage scenarios: Home Theater Projector can adapt to different sizes of bedrooms, living rooms and even dedicated audio-visual room scenes due to its different brightness.
According to the increase of people's needs, the forms of Home Theater Projector are also becoming more and more diverse. In the past, people's impression of Home Theater Projector was mostly a square box placed on a cabinet or suspended from the ceiling, but there are already portable projectors that take into account both the sense of use and the size. In addition to portable micro-projectors, larger home laser TVs are also developing rapidly. Many users have abandoned traditional LCD TVs and opted for home projectors when decorating. It can also be seen from this that Home Theater Projector has a trend of gradually replacing LCD TVs.

home theater projector bluetooth,home theater projector setup,home theater projector hd,home theater projector 1080p,home theater projector led

Shenzhen Happybate Trading Co.,LTD , https://www.happybateprojector.com